Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't climate change Review Fagus sylvatica Gibbs-based migration model Last Glacial Maximum Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. climate dissimilarity climate stability climate velocity co-extinctions conservation demography ecological network models growing degree days habitat fragmentation migration migration lag novel climates palaeoecology paleoecology phenology feedbacks phylogeography process-based species distribution model quaternary climate change range dynamics species distribution modeling terrestrial ecosystems trophic cascades