Journal Article in‐sensor computing phase transition 2D van der Waals heterostructures Bi2O2Se Review amorphous oxide semiconductor anti‐ambipolar transistors bipolar photoresponsivity convolutional image processing electrochemical nitrate reduction energy‐scaling limitations ferroelectric semiconductors flexible device floating gate heterojunctions high‐entropy alloy homojunctions in‐sensor processing logic gate low-temperature processing low-voltage operation multimodal reservoir computing multivalued logic circuits near‐infrared photodetector near‐sensor processing negative differential transconductance neuromorphic vision device optoelectronic memory devices p-type oxide semiconductor