Journal Article BiFeO3 CO2 reduction SrFeOx domain-wall memory electric fields energy band theory ferroelectric ferroelectric domain walls fluid balance agent fluid dynamics low-power-consuming devices marangoni convection multi-state switching multiferroic nanofilaments perovskite solar cells piezo-electrocatalysis polar topological domains resistive switching scalable blade‐coating technology screening charge effect skyrmion clusters topological domains topotactic phase transformation vortex‐antivortex pair