Journal Article Fluorescent Dyes (6,6)-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester 7440-57-5 7782-42-5 Case Reports Fluorenes Fullerenes Gold Graphite Imides Phthalimides Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review cell membrane permeability clearance diagnosis and therapy fluorescent nanoparticles fluorescent nanoprobes gold nanorods mitochondria-mediated apoptosis photoacoustic and fluorescence imaging reactive oxygen species theranostic nanoformulation tumor cell nuclear targeting tumor targeting strategies