Journal Article Acanthaster Acanthaster planci Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review adaptive management birds conectividad conectividad de arrecifes connectivity coral crown-of-thorns starfish cumulative impacts decision theory dynamic digraph dígrafo dinámico ecosystem function ecosystem model estrella de mar corona de espinas fish hydrodynamics impactos acumulativos invasive species invasives invasoras larval dispersal manejo adaptativo marine megafauna metacommunity model modelo de ecosistema