Journal Article dendrochronology Carpathian Mountains Cárpatos Picea abies Pinus sylvestris Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Vaganov-Shashkin basal area increment biodiversity indicators bosque primario climate change dendrocronología dendroecology estructura del bosque forest dynamics forest management forest structure generalized linear mixed models gestión forestal growth trends growth-mortality tradeoff habitat tree hábitat arborícola indicadores de biodiversidad maximum lifespan non-stationarity primary forests process-based model soil moisture