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150323s2002 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c |
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|a 10.2307/4089894
|2 doi
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|a (DE-627)JST011934921
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|a (JST)4089894
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|a DE-627
|b ger
|c DE-627
|e rakwb
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|a eng
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| 245 |
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|a Short- and Long-Term Effects of Male-Like Concentrations of Testosterone on Female European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)
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|c 2002
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| 336 |
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|a Text
|b txt
|2 rdacontent
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|a Computermedien
|b c
|2 rdamedia
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|a Online-Ressource
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|a European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) exhibit marked sex differences in behavior during spring. Song activity, nest-box occupation, the carrying of green nesting materials into a nest hole (typical mate-attraction behaviors), and aggression occur much more frequently in males who also have higher testosterone (T)-levels than females. Here, we examined whether male-like concentrations of T would activate these behaviors in female starlings. We treated females with implants that were either empty (C-females) or packed with T (T-females) during late December. Although elevated T-levels significantly increased song activity in females, the proportion of time spent singing was still much lower than in males. T-treatment in females also failed to induce singing behavior in the nest box, a typical male mate-attraction behavior. Those results suggest both activational and organizational effects of T on singing. Nest-box occupation, carrying of green nesting material into a nest hole, and aggressive behavior were not activated by elevated T-levels, indicating that sex differences in these behaviors are probably based on early organizational effects of steroid hormones. We also evaluated effects of increased T-concentrations on some physiological, morphological, and immunological parameters. T-treatment strongly suppressed tail feather regrowth after experimental plucking, and also delayed onset of molt of wing feathers and slowed its progress. T-implantation caused color of the bill to change from black to yellow, but did not affect body mass. Immune function was determined by using two indirect measures: blood composition (haematocrit and buffy coat values) and indications of infections. Although haematocrit and buffy coat values did not differ between C- and T-females, T-females were significantly more infected with Staphylococcus aureus than C-females at the end of the experiment. /// Durante la primavera, Sturnus vulgaris presenta diferencias marcadas en el comportamiento entre sexos. La actividad canora, la ocupación de cajas de nidificación, el transporte de material verde hacia los nidos (comportamientos típicos para la atracción de pareja) y el comportamiento agresivo ocurrieron con mayor frecuencia en los machos, los cuales presentaron además mayores niveles de testosterona (T) que las hembras. Nosotros evaluamos si concentraciones de T equivalentes a las de los machos activarían este tipo de comportamiento en las hembras de S. vulgaris. A fines de diciembre, tratamos hembras con implantes vacíos (hembras-C) y con implantes con testosterona (hembras-T). A pesar de que el incremento de los niveles de T aumentó significativamente la actividad canora en las hembras, la proporción de tiempo asignada a esta actividad fue todavía mucho menor que en los machos. El tratamiento con T no indujo comportamiento de canto en las cajas de nidificación por parte de las hembras, un comportamiento típico de los machos para atraer parejas. Estos resultados sugieren tanto un efecto de activación como de organización de la T sobre el canto. La ocupación de cajas de nidificación, el transporte de material verde hacia los nidos y el comportamiento agresivo no fueron activados por el incremento en los niveles de T, lo que indica que las diferencias entre sexos en estos comportamientos estarían probablemente basadas en efectos de la organización temprana de las hormonas esteroides. También evaluamos el efecto del incremento de los niveles de T sobre algunos parámetros fisiológicos, morfológicos e inmunológicos. El tratamiento con T suprimió el crecimiento de plumas de la cola removidas previamente en forma experimental, y también retrasó el inicio de la muda de las plumas de las alas y desaceleró su progreso. Los implantes de T causaron un cambio en el color del pico de negro a amarillo, pero no afectaron el peso corporal. La función inmunológica fue determinada mediante dos medidas indirectas: la composición sanguínea (valores de hematocrito y de la capa leucocitaria) y la existencia de indicios de infecciones. Aunque los valores de hematocrito y de la capa leucocitaria no difirieron entre las hembras-C y las hembras-T, las hembras-T estuvieron significativamente más infectadas con Staphylococcus aureus que las hembras-C al final del experimento.
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|a Copyright 2002 The American Ornithologists' Union
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| 650 |
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4 |
|a Biological sciences
|x Biology
|x Zoology
|x Animals
|x Birds
|x Starlings
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| 650 |
|
4 |
|a Physical sciences
|x Physics
|x Acoustics
|x Bioacoustics
|x Animal sounds
|x Animal vocalization
|x Bird songs
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| 650 |
|
4 |
|a Biological sciences
|x Biology
|x Zoology
|x Animals
|x Female animals
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| 650 |
|
4 |
|a Biological sciences
|x Biology
|x Zoology
|x Animals
|x Male animals
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| 650 |
|
4 |
|a Biological sciences
|x Biology
|x Zoology
|x Animal anatomy
|x Animal morphology
|x Feathers
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| 650 |
|
4 |
|a Behavioral sciences
|x Ethology
|x Animal behavior
|x Animal social behavior
|x Mating behavior
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| 650 |
|
4 |
|a Biological sciences
|x Biochemistry
|x Biomolecules
|x Hormones
|x Steroid hormones
|x Sex hormones
|x Androgens
|x Testosterone
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| 650 |
|
4 |
|a Biological sciences
|x Biology
|x Developmental biology
|x Reproduction
|x Sex
|x Sex linked differences
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| 650 |
|
4 |
|a Biological sciences
|x Biochemistry
|x Biomolecules
|x Hormones
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| 650 |
|
4 |
|a Philosophy
|x Applied philosophy
|x Philosophy of science
|x Scientific method
|x Hypothesis testing
|x T tests
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| 655 |
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4 |
|a research-article
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| 700 |
1 |
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|a Pinxten, Rianne
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 700 |
1 |
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|a Eens, Marcel
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 773 |
0 |
8 |
|i Enthalten in
|t The Auk
|d American Ornithologists’ Union
|g 119(2002), 2, Seite 487-497
|w (DE-627)340875429
|w (DE-600)2065970-2
|x 19384254
|7 nnns
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| 773 |
1 |
8 |
|g volume:119
|g year:2002
|g number:2
|g pages:487-497
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| 856 |
4 |
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|u https://www.jstor.org/stable/4089894
|3 Volltext
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| 856 |
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|u https://doi.org/10.2307/4089894
|3 Volltext
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|d 119
|j 2002
|e 2
|h 487-497
|