Journal Article thermal metamaterials Antigens, Neoplasm Cancer Vaccines Nanovaccines Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor Review active metamaterials cancer immunotherapy cancer prevention cell lysate deep learning drug delivery enhanced thermal conduction enhancing heat transfer interfacial effect nanovaccines non-Hermitian phenomena nonreciprocal heat transfer porous-media-based thermal effects pure conduction real-time regulation self-adaptability spatial evolution thermal camouflage thermal convection thermal metasurfaces tumor tissues ultra-conductivity whole cell components