Journal Article bioelectronics organic electrochemical transistors Electrolytes Ions Polystyrenes Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review Thiophenes charge injection and transport charge transport electrochemical transistors electrochromism ethylene-glycol-functionalized polymers ionic conductivity mixed ionic-electronic conduction modeling neuromorphic computing organic electronics poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) thermoelectrics time-of-flight technique