Journal Article Review CO2 management bifunctional catalyst carbon capture and utilization cellulose d-band center modulation defect engineering dual-functional materials energy sustainability hierarchical ion-channels high ionic conductivity lithium metal batteries longevous cycle-life long‐term stability mechanisms for ionic conduction metal-organic frameworks metal–organic frameworks microenvironment regulation polyether electrolytes quasi-solid-sate electrolyte quasi‐solid‐state batteries rechargeable Zn-air battery smart materials solid polymer electrolytes “tree-trunk” structure