Journal Article ethanol oxidation reaction 1T phase transition metal dichalcogenides L12 phase Pd3Sn PdCuSn amorphous defective structure desalination dynamically mediated heterostructured Ni/Ni(OH)2 nanosheets heterostructures hierarchical structures hollow structures hydrogen evolution reaction hydrogen production metal-organic frameworks metal–organic frameworks nanoplates nanorods oxygen evolution reaction partial reduction strategy single-layer solar-thermal materials switchable catalytic selectivity versatile structures engineering water remediation water splitting