7440-44-0 Carbon Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't carbon emissions climate change (sub)tropical forests 142M471B3J Brazil Canada Carbon Dioxide IPCC Indonesia Korean Peninsula Letter New York Declaration on Forests Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Review biomass change carbon density carbon stock deforestation forest loss forests global ecological zones human influences machine learning managed and logged forests northeastern China old-growth forests