Journal Article amorphous grain boundaries carrier lifetime chemical welding diffusion length electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) grain boundary scattering grain size effect halide migration halide perovskites heterogeneous catalysis hybrid perovskites imprint lithography mobility monocrystalline nanopatterns nanocube assemblies nanoprobe X-ray fluorescence nanoscale heat nanowire networks nudged elastic band (NEB) and DFT computation photothermal plasmonics silver nanostructures solution phase homoepitaxy solution-based processes spatially resolved photoluminescence mapping thermal hotspots transition metal nitrides transparent electrodes ultrafast heating