Journal Article metal-air batteries dislocations electrocatalysts hydrogen evolution reaction oxygen reduction/evolution single-atom catalysts strain water splitting CO2 electroreduction IrNi nanoparticles N-doped carbon Review active sites aqueous electrolytes atomically thin hybrid nanosheets band optimization bimetallic selenides bimetallic sites binary sites cobalt oxides core-shell delocalization of spin states electrically rechargeable zinc-air batteries electrocatalysis environmental thermal shock gel polymer electrolytes heterointerfaces heterostructures homojunctions