Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review climate change Alaska Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. acclimation biodiversity projections carbon cycle climate climate extremes climate variability disturbance eco-evolutionary optimality ecological forecasting global change global vegetation model land system science land-cover change land-surface model leaf economics spectrum plant functional ecology precipitation predictive models species distribution models stomatal behaviour storylines temperature terrestrial ecosystems water and carbon trade-offs